Collapse of Peace, The: Sources of Soviet-American Tension
Even before the end of World War II, there are signs of tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. Once hostilities are over tensions mount and become what is known as the Cold War, a dangerous rivalry that will cast a shadow over inter...
Preserve, Protect, and Defend: Doctrine of Preemptive Peace
With increasing concerns about international terrorism, President Bush introduced a new controversial defense doctrine called the Doctrine of Preemptive Peace in June of 2002. Philip Zelikow, Counselor to the U. S. Department of State, says that the...
Collapse of Peace, The: Marshall Plan, The
The Marshall Plan, initiated by the United States in 1948, assists in the economic reconstruction of Western Europe. The U.S. also offers help to Soviets in the East Block, not really thinking they will accept and they don't. Subtext to the Marshall...
Nation Torn, A: Cuban Missile Crisis
In 1962 a U-2 spy aircraft discovers Russia is installing medium-range missiles with nuclear warheads in Cuba just 90 miles from the U. S. mainland. President Kennedy convenes the Executive Committee of the National Security Council, and after a wee...
Preserve, Protect, and Defend: Cold War and the Cuban Missile Crisis, The
The defense of the United States from the end of World War II through the Cold War era was focused on clearly definable enemies. During the Cold War the two superpowers engaged in a frenzied arms race, attempting to offset any chance of nuclear war ...
Right Turn: Bush Presidency, The
George Bush easily defeats Michael Dukakis in the 1988 presidential election. During Bush's term of office the Berlin Wall is torn down, the Soviet Union breaks up and signs the Charter of Paris, and the U. S. becomes the world's only real superpowe...
Preserve, Protect, and Defend: Perspectives on U. S. Involvement in Operation Iraqi Freedom
On March 20, 2003 U. S. forces with support primarily from Great Britain launched Operation Iraqi Freedom. Seven weeks later, President Bush declared an end to major combat operations. The struggle to restore order and stability proved to be far fro...
World of Uncertainty: Rise of Terrorism, The
Before September 11, 2001, Americans thought of terrorism as a problem that plagued other nations. In response to the terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington D.C., the Bush administration released a new doctrine in 2002 called The National...