Physical Treatment Technologies: Flocculation
The use of gravity is often the most economical method of separating solids from a liquid. In a sedimentation tank, heavier particles sink to the bottom and are collected in a trough. When particles, like clay, are too small to settle on their own...
Physical Treatment Technologies: Centrifuges and the Baghouse
Centrifuges, such as the baghouse, possess several environmental advantages over surface filtration. As an enclosed unit, it can contain volatile or toxic fumes and mists. Additionally, the fixed barrier used in a centrifuge may simply be back flu...
Thermal Treatment Technologies: Municipal Waste and Reciprocating Grate Systems
One of the thermal treatment technologies that strives to make the best use of time, temperature and turbulence is the reciprocating grate incinerator, used by nearly 250 municipalities.
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Chemical Principles
Chemicals provide the building blocks for everything in our physical world. Uncontrolled, their misuse can result in tragedy. As a safeguard against potential dangers, treatment processes are being implemented to mitigate or eliminate the harmful ...
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Oxidation and Reduction: An Overview
While some metals can be readily precipitated, others cannot be until they are reduced. The clarified water resulting from these processes can then be discharged into a municipal wastewater treatment system.
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Precipitation and Toxicity
The electroplating industry uses many chemicals in the process of plating objects like golf clubs and water faucets with metals such as chromium and copper. Before the chemically-laden water used in the electroplating process can be released into s...
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Electrolysis
The oxidation/reduction process is applied by industries in several unique and environmentally beneficial ways. The most frequently used technique is electrolysis. This is especially common in the photographic processing industry.
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Innovative Oxidation Processes
To reduce the reliance on harmful chlorinated oxidizing agents, the EPA has conducted numerous demonstrations of the effectiveness of safer oxygen-based compounds. The performance of these oxidizers can be enhanced by the addition of powerful ultra...
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Ozonation
Traditionally, chlorine has been used as a disinfectant to kill viruses and bacteria in drinking water. However, chlorine has the disadvantage of reacting with organics in the water, producing potentially carcinogenic by-products. Ozonation, an ox...
Chemical Treatment Technologies: Water Treatment
The control of pH is critical in the treatment of both wastewater and drinking water. Through the Clean Water Act of 1972, the Environmental Protection Agency established standards for water quality and limits for the toxicity of effluents from ind...