The Papermaking Industry: Mechanical Pulping
Mechanical pulping methods avoid many of the environmental impacts created by the Kraft pulping process. Several different mechanical pulping methods are commonly used today, but they all rely primarily on energy rather..
The Papermaking Industry: Papermaking and Pollution Control
From pulping, to bleaching, to forming sheets on the paper machine, papermaking creates air emissions, water emissions--or effluent--as well as solid waste. However, the environmental impacts of the process are mitigate..
The Papermaking Industry: Recycled Pulping
Approximately forty percent of the fiber in U.S. paper products is recycled, or secondary, fiber. Re-pulping fibers that have already been processed shortens them and weakens their bonding capacity, so secondary fiber i..
The Past, The Future, and the Human Mind
Philosopher Daniel Dennett credits the development of distal perception capacity with the human ability to understand the world--including those things that are beneficial and those that are not--and make plans according..
The Pleasure Bond: Sexual Orientation: Growing Up Different
Author and journalist Randy Shilts talks about his background and upbringing as a gay men. He states that he grew up believing there was something wrong with him, and only heard reference made to his sexual orientation i..
The Power of the State
Philosopher John Searle argues that the power of the state is created by the fact that people are willing to accept it. He goes on to say that this is true with all of our social institutions. As an example, he mentions ..
The Realism vs. Anti-Realism Debate (Part 1)
Philosopher John Searle talks about what he calls a persistent error among western philosophers since the Greeks--namely, the notion that the external world is not real in and of itself, but instead is dependent on human..
The Realism vs. Anti-Realism Debate (Part 2)
Philosopher John Searle talks about the anti-realist view that we never actually perceive the real world and instead only perceive our own perceptions of that world. Professor Searle argues that this is incorrect, that w..
The Rediscovery of the Mind
Philosopher John Searle says that many philosophers are mistaken in the way they view the mind and the body, noting that they rely on old vocabulary and fail to consider how the mind actually works in real life.
The Role of Gender: Changing Gender Roles at Home
The rapidly increasing number of women in the labor force has been both a cause and effect of the shift in gender roles in recent years. Women have had less time and often less energy to devote to their traditional role..